Causes of Ageing and illness
| Department | Disease |
|---|---|
| Dermatitis | cataract, Retinal degeneration |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | Oxidative stress contributes to the inflammatory processes and joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis. |
| Hematometer | leukemia, septicaemia, hyperlipidemia |
| The digestive system | gastritis, stomach ulcer, cancer of the stomach, cirrhosis, Crohn's disease, pancreatitis |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Oxidative stress plays a role in insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
Complications of diabetes, such as diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, are associated with oxidative damage. |
| Circulatory system/ Respiratory organ | myocardial infraction, artery hardening, pneumonia, angina |
| Connective-tissue system | articular rheumatism, auto-immune disease, collagen disease |
| Respiratory Diseases | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Oxidative stress from cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants contributes to lung tissue damage.
Asthma ROS can exacerbate airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. |
Defend Harmful oxygen free radical
- Redox Homeostasis: ROS are involved in maintaining the balance of reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions within cells. This balance is vital for normal cellular function and metabolism.
- Detoxification: Certain levels of ROS are required for the activation of antioxidant defenses, which protect cells from oxidative damage.
- Gene Expression: ROS influence the expression of genes involved in protective responses, such as antioxidant enzymes, heat shock proteins, and DNA repair enzymes.
- Stem Cell Function: ROS are involved in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.
Methods for removal of Harmful oxygen free
- Catalase: Breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, preventing its conversion into more harmful radicals. Catalase is found in peroxisomes.
- Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid): A water-soluble antioxidant that neutralizes ROS and regenerates other antioxidants, such as vitamin E.
- Melatonin: Known for regulating sleep, melatonin also has antioxidant properties.
- Chelation Therapy: Used to remove heavy metals like iron and copper, which can catalyze ROS formation through Fenton reactions.
- Nanotechnology: Developing nanoparticles that can deliver antioxidants directly to tissues with high oxidative stress.
